A thematic analysis inspired by systematic text reduction was employed. Data were collected using qualitative method, through individual interviews with 20 therapists working in outpatient mental health clinics serving Sami populations in northern Norway. This study aims to explore how clinicians identify and respond to Sami patients' language data, as well as how they experience provision of therapy to Sami-speaking patients in outpatient mental health clinics in Sami language administrative districts.
This study explores how clinicians deal with language-appropriate care with Sami-speaking patients in specialist mental health services. There is, however, limited knowledge about how clinicians deal with this in clinical practice. The Indigenous population in Norway, the Sami, have a statutory right to speak and be spoken to in the Sami language when receiving health services. "You never know who are Sami or speak Sami" Clinicians' experiences with language-appropriate care to Sami-speaking patients in outpatient mental health clinics in Northern Norway.ĭagsvold, Inger Møllersen, Snefrid Stordahl, Vigdis Long distances to medical care or Sami ethnicity have no influence on the cancer patient survival in Northern Finland. Likewise, when the same was done by also matching the stage, there was no difference in cancer survival. In the cancer-specific analysis without stage variable, the hazard ratio for Sami was 1.05 (95% confidence interval 0.85–1.30 and for non- Sami 1.02 (0.86–1.20, indicating no difference between the survival of those groups and other patients in Finland. There were 204 Sami and 391 non- Sami cancer cases in the cohort, 20,181 matched controls without matching with stage, and 7,874 stage-matched controls. Cancer-specific survival analyses were made using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression modelling. An additional matching was done for the stage at diagnosis. The Sami and non- Sami cancer patients were matched to other Finnish cancer patients for gender, age and year of diagnosis and for the site of cancer. The survival experience of Sami and non- Sami cancer patients diagnosed in this cohort during 1979–2009 was compared with that of the Finnish patients outside the cohort. The cohort consisted of 2,091 Sami and 4,161 non- Sami who lived on 31 December 1978 in the two Sami municipalities of Inari and Utsjoki, which are located in Northern Finland and are 300–500 km away from the nearest central hospital. The survival of Sami cancer patients is not known, and therefore it is the object of this study. The incidence of cancer among the indigenous Sami people of Northern Finland is lower than among the Finnish general population.
GENERATOR PILOOBRAZNOGO NAPRYAZHENIYA NE555 GENERATOR
Hence, an astable multivibrator is also a pulse generator or a square wave generator, which corresponds perfectly with the requirement of Pulse width modulation (PWM).Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)įull Text Available Objectives. If these time constants are equal (R and C are equal) then a square wave will generate with a frequency of 1/1.4 RxC. With no external signal applied, the transistors alternately switch from cutoff to saturation state at a frequency that RC time constants of the coupling circuit determine. Here, this NE555 timer functions in astable multivibrator mode An astable multivibrator is a free-running oscillator that switches continuously between its two unstable states. The IC possesses an oscillation frequency ranging from 670 to 680 Hz. The core of this circuit is a NE555 precision Timer IC. So in this tutorial, we are going to make a “ PWM Generation Circuit using 555 precision timer IC” Sometimes we do not require a microcontroller in our applications and if we need to generate a PWM without a microcontroller then we prefer some general-purpose ICs like op-amp, timers, pulse generators, etc. PWM is widely used for motor control, lighting control, etc.
PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) is an important feature of today’s microcontroller due to its requirement for controlling many devices in every field of Electronics almost.
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